你 真的 看懂 《皇帝的新装》 了吗 ？心知肚明 和 说出来 有 啥 区别 ？李永乐 老师 讲 “呐喊 ”的 力量 （2018 最新 ） Bạn thật sự hiểu|bộ đồ mới của hoàng đế||biết rõ|||||||||||||| you|really|understand|The Emperor's New Clothes|did you|know it well|and|say it out loud|have|what|difference|Li Yongle|teacher|talk about|shout|attributive marker|power|latest Percebeu realmente "A Roupa Nova do Imperador" e qual é a diferença entre sabê-lo e dizê-lo? O Poder do Grito por Yongle Li (Atualização 2018) Do you really understand 'The Emperor's New Clothes'? What's the difference between knowing it in your heart and saying it out loud? Teacher Li Yongle talks about the power of 'screaming' (latest in 2018).

各位 同学 大家 好 我 是 李永乐 老师 everyone|students|everyone|good|I|am|Li Yongle|teacher Hello everyone, I am Teacher Li Yongle.

最近 有 一个 小朋友 给 我 发 来 私信 recently|have|one|child|to|me|send|come|private message Recently, a little friend sent me a private message.

说 他们 最近 学了 一篇 课文 叫做 《 皇帝 的 新装 》 ||||a text|||hoàng đế|| say|they|recently|learned|one|text|called|emperor|attributive marker|new clothes They said they recently studied a text called 'The Emperor's New Clothes'.

是 安徒生 的 一篇 童话 老师 让 他们 写 读后感 is|Andersen|attributive marker|one|fairy tale|teacher|let|them|write|reading reflection It is a fairy tale by Andersen that the teacher asked them to write a reflection on.

他 想 问 我 说 这篇 课文 除了 讽刺 皇帝 的 愚蠢 之外 |||||||||hoàng đế||| he|wants|to ask|me|to say|this|text|apart from|to satirize|emperor|attributive marker|stupidity|besides He wanted to ask me if this text, besides satirizing the emperor's foolishness,

有没有 更加 深刻 的 社会 含义 is there|more|profound|attributive marker|social|meaning has any deeper social significance.

今天 我们 就 来 讨论 一下 这件 事 为了 讨论 这件 事 today|we|just|come|discuss|a bit|this|matter|in order to|discuss|this|matter Today, we will discuss this matter in order to talk about this issue.

首先 跟 大家 讲 一个 有意思 的 数学 逻辑 题 |||||||||đề first|with|everyone|tell|one|interesting|attributive marker|math|logic|question First, let me tell you an interesting math logic problem.

这个 逻辑 题 叫做 红 眼睛 和 蓝 眼睛 this|logic|problem|is called|red|eyes|and|blue|eyes This logic problem is called Red Eyes and Blue Eyes.

红 眼睛 与 蓝 眼睛 red|eyes|and|blue|eyes Red Eyes and Blue Eyes.

这个 数学题 是 一个 华人 数学家 陶哲轩 ||||||Tào Triết Hiến this|math problem|is|one|Chinese|mathematician|Terence Tao This math problem was created by a Chinese mathematician, Terence Tao.

他 在 网上 最早 贴出来 的 供 大家 去 讨论 he|at|online|earliest|posted out|attributive marker|for|everyone|to|discuss He was the first to post online for everyone to discuss.

这个 问题 是 这样 的 说 有 一个 村子 this|problem|is|this way|attributive marker|say|there is|one|village The problem is as follows: there is a village.

这个 村子 里面 有 100 个人 this|village|inside|have|people In this village, there are 100 people.

这 100 个人 里面 有 95 个人 他们 的 眼睛 是 蓝色 的 蓝眼睛 this|people|inside|have|people|they|attributive marker|eyes|are|blue|attributive marker|blue eyes Among these 100 people, 95 of them have blue eyes.

还有 5 个人 他们 的 眼睛 是 红色 的 是 红 眼睛 still|people|they|attributive marker|eyes|are|red|attributive marker|are|red|eyes There are 5 people whose eyes are red, they have red eyes.

但是 村子 里 的 人 并 不知道 有 95 个 蓝眼睛 和 5 个 红眼睛 but|village|inside|attributive marker|people|not|do not know|have|measure word|blue eyes|and|measure word|red eyes But the people in the village do not know that there are 95 blue-eyed people and 5 red-eyed people.

他们 不 知道 这 事儿 they|not|know|this|matter They do not know about this matter.

而且 村子 里 的 人 有 一个 很 奇特 的 规矩 moreover|village|inside|attributive marker|people|have|one|very|peculiar|attributive marker|rule Moreover, the people in the village have a very peculiar rule.

就是 你 能 看 别人 眼睛 什么 颜色 这个 可以 just|you|can|see|others|eyes|what|color|this|can You can see what color other people's eyes are, this is allowed.

但是 你 不 允许 把 这 件 事 说 出来 but|you|not|allow|to|this|thing|matter|say|out But you are not allowed to talk about this matter.

你 也 不能 告诉 别人 说 你 的 眼睛 是 什么 颜色 you|also|cannot|tell|others|that|your|attributive marker|eyes|is|what|color You also cannot tell others what color your eyes are.

或者 与 别人 讨论 这个 问题 or|with|others|discuss|this|problem Or discuss this issue with others.

一旦 是 因为 某些 原因 比如 你 照镜子 或者 是 因为 什么 原因 once|is|because|certain|reasons|for example|you|look in the mirror|or|is|because|what|reasons Once it is because of certain reasons, like you looking in the mirror or for some other reason.

你 知道 了 自己 的 眼睛 颜色 you|know|emphasis marker|own|attributive marker|eyes|color You know the color of your own eyes.

你 就 必须 到 第二天 的 中午 在 广场 上 自杀 you|just|must|by|the next day|attributive marker|noon|at|square|on|commit suicide You must commit suicide in the square by noon the next day.

让 所有人 都 看到 你 死 了 let|everyone|all|see|you|dead|emphasis marker Let everyone see that you are dead.

它 就 有 一个 这么 奇特 的 规矩 是 吧 it|just|have|one|so|peculiar|attributive marker|rule|is|tag question marker It has such a peculiar rule, right?

所以 所有人 都 不知道 自己 眼睛 是 什么 颜色 so|everyone|all|do not know|own|eyes|is|what|color So no one knows what color their eyes are.

有 一天 村子 里 来 了 一个 外乡人 there is|one day|village|in|came|past tense marker|one|outsider One day, a stranger came to the village.

这个 外乡人 也 知道 他们 奇特 的 规矩 this|outsider|also|know|their|peculiar|attributive marker|rules This stranger also knew about their peculiar rule.

在 几天 跟 他们 在 一起 的 日子 里 外乡人 非常 开心 at|a few days|with|them|in|together|attributive marker|days|inside|outsider|very|happy During the days spent with them, the foreigner was very happy.

临走 的 时候 跟 他们 有 一个 酒会 然后 道别 before leaving|attributive marker|time|with|them|have|one|party|then|say goodbye When leaving, there was a farewell party with them.

道 别的 时候 外乡人 就 说 了 说 我 这 几天 玩得 非常 开心 way|other|time|outsider|then|say|past tense marker|say|I|these|days|play|very|happy At the farewell, the foreigner said that he had a great time these past few days.

而且 我 更 开心 的 是 在 这个 村子 里 见到 了 和 我 一样 红 眼睛 的 人 moreover|I|more|happy|attributive marker|is|in|this|village|inside|see|past tense marker|and|I|the same|red|eyes|attributive marker|person Moreover, what made me even happier was meeting someone with red eyes like mine in this village.

等于 说 外乡人 告诉 他们 说 这个 村子 里 有 红 眼睛 的 人 equal to|say|outsider|tell|them|say|this|village|inside|have|red|eyes|attributive marker|people It means that the outsider told them that there are people with red eyes in this village.

在 这 一瞬间 村子 里 所有人 都 震惊 了 为什么 at|this|one moment|village|inside|everyone|all|shocked|past tense marker|why At that moment, everyone in the village was shocked. Why?

因为 他们 村子 是 不 允许 讨论 眼睛 颜色 的 because|they|village|is|not|allow|discuss|eye|color|attributive marker Because in their village, discussing eye color is not allowed.

这个 外乡人 也 感觉 自己 说 了 好像 不 对 于是 这 外乡人 就 走 了 this|outsider|also|feel|oneself|say|past tense marker|seem|not|right|so|this|outsider|then|leave|past tense marker The outsider also felt that what he said seemed wrong, so he left.

回头 这 外乡人 一想 其实 我 也 没 说出 什么 来 |||||||không nói ra||| turn back|this|outsider|one thinks|actually|I|also|not|say out|anything|come Looking back, this outsider thought, actually I didn't say anything.

因为 你 有 5 个 红 眼睛 的 人 所以 就算 我 不 说 because|you|have|classifier for people|red|eyes|attributive marker|people|so|even if|I|not|say Because you have 5 people with red eyes, so even if I don't say anything,

你们 每个 人 也 都 知道 村子 里 有 红 眼睛 的 人 you|every|person|also|all|know|village|inside|have|red|eyes|attributive marker|person each of you already knows there are people with red eyes in the village.

所以 我 没有 带来 任何 新 的 信息 so|I|did not|bring|any|new|attributive marker|information So I didn't bring any new information.

我 这 也 不 属于 跟 你们 讨论 眼睛 的 颜色 对 不 对 I|this|also|not|belong to|with|you|discuss|eyes|attributive marker|color|right|not|right I don't belong to discussing the color of your eyes, right?

所以 外乡人 感觉 自己 的 负罪感 就 稍微 轻 了 一点 so|outsider|feel|oneself|attributive marker|guilt|just|slightly|lighter|past tense marker|a bit So the outsider's sense of guilt was slightly alleviated.

结果 没想到 外乡人 走 之后 第五天 result|unexpected|outsider|leave|after|fifth day As a result, unexpectedly, on the fifth day after the outsider left,

村子 里 这 5 个 红 眼睛 的 人 就 都 自杀 了 village|inside|this|measure word|red|eyes|attributive marker|people|just|all|commit suicide|past tense marker all 5 of the red-eyed people in the village committed suicide.

大家 能 想 清楚 这 是 为什么 吗 everyone|can|think|clearly|this|is|why|question marker Can everyone think clearly about why this is?

我们 来 讨论 一下 这个 逻辑 we|come|discuss|a bit|this|logic Let's discuss this logic.

看 一看 这个 逻辑 到底 是 怎么回事 look|take a look|this|logic|exactly|is|what is going on Let's take a look at what this logic is all about.

为了 让 这个 问题 比较 容易 理解 in order to|make|this|problem|relatively|easy|understand In order to make this problem easier to understand.

我们 首先 从 村子 里 只有 1 个 红 眼睛 的 人 开始 出发 we|first|from|village|inside|only|one|red|eyes|attributive marker|person|start|depart We first start from the person with only 1 red eye in the village.

如果 村子 里 只有 一个 红眼 那么 会 有 什么 结果 |||||mắt đỏ||||| if|village|inside|only|one|red eye|then|will|have|what|result If there is only one red eye in the village, what will be the result?

村子 里 只有 一个 红 眼睛 village|inside|only|one|red|eye There is only one red-eyed person in the village.

这个 红 眼睛 的 人 每天 都 看到 的 眼睛 是 蓝色 的 对 不 对 this|red|eyes|attributive marker|person|every day|all|see|attributive marker|eyes|is|blue|attributive marker|correct|not|correct This red-eyed person sees blue eyes every day, right?

所以 他 不 知道 村子 里 有 红 眼睛 的 人 so|he|not|know|village|in|have|red|eyes|attributive marker|people So he doesn't know that there are people with red eyes in the village.

这个 时候 外乡人 说 村子 里 有 红 眼睛 的 人 this|time|outsider|said|village|in|there are|red|eyes|attributive marker|people At this moment, the outsider says that there are people with red eyes in the village.

他 立刻 反应 过来 这个 人 是 自己 he|immediately|react|come over|this|person|is|oneself He immediately realizes that this person is himself.

所以 他 第一天 就 会 自杀 so|he|first day|then|will|commit suicide So he will commit suicide on the first day.

外乡人 一走 第一天 的 中午 他 就 会 自杀 对吧 outsider|once gone|the first day|attributive marker|noon|he|then|will|commit suicide|right The outsider will commit suicide at noon on the first day he arrives, right?

那么 如果 这个 村子 里 只有 两个 红 眼睛 的人 then|if|this|village|in|only|two|red|eyes|people So if there are only two people with red eyes in this village,

他们 最 开始 就 知道 这个 村子 里 是 有 红 眼睛 的人 they|most|beginning|already|know|this|village|inside|is|have|red|eyes|people they would know from the very beginning that there are people with red eyes in this village.

外乡人 一 说 村子 里 有 红 眼睛 的 人 outsider|one|say|village|in|have|red|eyes|attributive marker|people The outsider says there are people with red eyes in the village.

这 两个 红 眼睛 的 人 其中 一个 就 会 想 this|two|red|eyes|attributive marker|person|among them|one|just|will|think One of these two people with red eyes will think.

说 你 看看 另外 一个 红 眼睛 的 那个 人 say|you|take a look|another|one|red|eyes|attributive marker|that|person He says, 'Look at the other person with red eyes.'

他 那个 外乡人 走 之后 他 明天 就 死 了 为什么 明天 就 死 了 he|that|outsider|leave|after|he|tomorrow|just|die|emphasis marker|why|tomorrow|just|die|emphasis marker After that foreigner leaves, he will die tomorrow. Why will he die tomorrow?

因为 村子 里 就 他 一个 红 眼睛 的 because|village|in|only|he|one|red|eyes|attributive marker Because he is the only one with red eyes in the village.

结果 外乡人 走 之后 第一天 那个 红 眼睛 的 人 他 没有 自杀 result|outsider|leave|after|the first day|that|red|eyes|attributive marker|person|he|did not|commit suicide As a result, after the outsider left on the first day, that person with red eyes did not commit suicide.

这个 人 就 想 这 是 为啥 this|person|just|want|this|is|why This person just wondered why.

那么 如果 只有 一个 红 眼睛 的 人 then|if|only|one|red|eye|attributive marker|person So, if there is only one person with red eyes,

那个 人 他 一定 会 自杀 为什么 这 一天 他 没 自杀 that|person|he|definitely|will|commit suicide|why|this|day|he|not|commit suicide that person would definitely commit suicide. Why did he not commit suicide on this day?

说明 村子 里 红 眼睛 的 人 不止 一个 explain|village|in|red|eyes|attributive marker|person|not only|one It indicates that there is more than one person with red eyes in the village.

但是 其他人 都 不是 红 眼睛 那个 人 是 谁 是 我 but|other people|all|are not|red|eyes|that|person|is|who|is|I But the others are not the person with red eyes, who is me.

所以 到 第二天 的 时候 这 两个 人 就 会 一起 自杀 对 吧 so|by|the second day|attributive marker|time|these|two|people|then|will|together|commit suicide|right|tag question marker So by the next day, these two people will commit suicide together, right?

同样 道理 我们 依次 类推 the same|reasoning|we|in order|analogy By the same reasoning, we can deduce in order.

如果 村子 里 只有 5 个 红 眼睛 的 人 那 会 有 什么 结果 if|village|inside|only|individual|red|eyes|attributive marker|people|then|will|have|what|result If there are only 5 people with red eyes in the village, what will happen?

这 5 个 红 眼睛 的 人 到 了 第五 天 就 会 一起 自杀 this|classifier for people|red|eyes|attributive marker|people|reach|past tense marker|fifth|day|then|will|together|commit suicide These 5 people with red eyes will commit suicide together on the fifth day.

就是 这样 一个 结果 just|this way|one|result That is the result.

有人 可能 还 问 someone|might|still|ask Some people might still ask.

那 这 5 个 红 眼睛 的 人 自杀 之后 蓝 眼睛 的 人 会 不会 也 自杀 that|these|classifiers|red|eyes|attributive marker|people|commit suicide|after|blue|eyes|attributive marker|people|will|will not|also|commit suicide So, after these 5 people with red eyes commit suicide, will the people with blue eyes also commit suicide?

不会 的 为什么 不会 的 为什么 No, why won't they?

因为 蓝眼睛 的 人 不 知道 自己 眼睛 什么 颜色 because|blue eyes|attributive marker|people|not|know|oneself|eyes|what|color Because the people with blue eyes do not know what color their eyes are.

每 一个 人 都 觉得 自己 可能 是 蓝色 的 every|one|person|all|feel|oneself|possibly|is|blue|attributive marker Everyone thinks they might be blue.

也 可能 是 绿色 的 对 不 对 also|possibly|is|green|attributive marker|correct|not|correct It could also be green, right?

所以 他们 是 没有 事 的 就 这 红 眼睛 的 人 全都 自杀 了 |||||||đỏ||||||| so|they|are|not have|matter|attributive marker|just|this|red|eyes|attributive marker|people|all|commit suicide|past tense marker So they have nothing to do with it, all the people with red eyes have committed suicide.

不过 这件 事 实际上 是 一个 悖论 为什么 说 是 悖论 however|this|matter|in fact|is|one|paradox|why|say|is|paradox However, this matter is actually a paradox. Why is it called a paradox?

你 想 这些 人 不管 是 眼睛 蓝色 的 还是 红色 的 You think these people, whether they have blue eyes or red eyes,

他们 本来 就 知道 村子 里 是 有 红 眼睛 的 人 的 They already knew that there were people with red eyes in the village.

那么 这个 外乡人 也 确实 没有 说出 什么 新 的 花样 来 so|this|outsider|also|indeed|did not|say out|any|new|attributive marker|tricks|come So this outsider really didn't say anything new.

他 只是 告诉 你 村子 里 有 红 眼睛 的人 he|just|tell|you|village|in|have|red|eyes|people He just told you that there are people with red eyes in the village.

为什么 这句 话 的 杀伤力 这么 大 ||||sát thương|| why|this sentence|words|attributive marker|lethality|so|big Why is the impact of this statement so great?

为了 研究 这个 问题 我们 还要 对 知识 进行 一下 分类 in order to|study|this|problem|we|still need to|to|knowledge|conduct|a bit|classification In order to study this issue, we also need to classify knowledge.

我们 可以 把 知识 分为 两类 第一类 叫 共有 知识 we|can|put|knowledge|divide into|two categories|the first category|is called|shared|knowledge We can divide knowledge into two categories. The first category is called common knowledge.

所谓 共有 知识 就是 大家 都 知道 so-called|shared|knowledge|is|everyone|all|know Common knowledge refers to things that everyone knows.

大家 都 知道 的 事儿 就 叫 共有 知识 everyone|all|know|attributive marker|things|just|called|shared|knowledge Things that everyone knows are called common knowledge.

那么 比 共有 知识 层次 更深 的 叫做 公共 知识 then|than|shared|knowledge|level|deeper|attributive marker|is called|public|knowledge What is deeper than the level of shared knowledge is called public knowledge.

什么 叫 公共 知识 就是 要 满足 两条 what|is called|public|knowledge|that is|need|meet|two criteria What is public knowledge? It must satisfy two criteria.

第一条 叫 大家 都 知道 这 是 共有 知识 的 特点 the first rule|is called|everyone|all|know|this|is|shared|knowledge|attributive marker|characteristic The first criterion is that everyone knows it, which is a characteristic of shared knowledge.

那么 第二条 就是 大家 知道 大家 都 知道 then|the second point|is|everyone|know|everyone|all|know The second criterion is that everyone knows that everyone knows.

大家 知道 大家 都 知道 要 满足 这 一条 everyone|know|everyone|all|know|need|satisfy|this|one condition Everyone knows that everyone knows to meet this requirement.

我 举个 例子 比如说 有 两个 人 一个 男孩 和 一个 女孩 I|give a|example|for example|there are|two|people|one|boy|and|one|girl Let me give an example: there are two people, a boy and a girl.

这个 男孩 和 这个 女孩 两个 人 互相 暗恋 this|boy|and|this|girl|two|people|each other|have a crush on This boy and this girl have a mutual crush on each other.

他们 没有 表白 互相 暗恋 是 吧 they|did not|confess|mutually|have a crush|is|tag question marker They haven't confessed; they have a mutual crush, right?

这个 男孩 和 女孩 没有 表白 的 时候 会 有 什么 特点 this|boy|and|girl|not have|confess|attributive marker|time|will|have|what|characteristics What characteristics do the boy and girl have when they haven't confessed?

如果 未 表白 在 这个 时候 if|not yet|confess one's feelings|at|this|time If they haven't confessed at this time,

他们 之间 相爱 这件 事 可能 他们 也 都 知道 they|between|love each other|this|matter|possibly|they|also|all|know they might both know about their love for each other.

男孩 知道 自己 肯定 是 爱 女孩 的 boy|know|oneself|definitely|is|love|girl|attributive marker The boy definitely knows that he loves the girl.

而且 通过 这个 女孩 的 这个 行为 moreover|through|this|girl|attributive marker|this|behavior Moreover, through this girl's behavior.

他 也 感觉 到 这个 女孩 也 应该 是 爱 自己 的 he|also|feel|that|this|girl|also|should|be|love|oneself|attributive marker He also feels that this girl should love him too.

所以 未 表白 的 时候 双方 都 知道 这件事 so|not yet|confess|attributive marker|time|both parties|all|know|this matter So when neither has confessed, both parties are aware of this matter.

这个 知识 就是 共有 知识 this|knowledge|is|shared|knowledge This knowledge is common knowledge.

但是 男孩 并 不 清楚 自己 知道 相爱 这件 事 女孩 知道 不 知道 but|boy|not|not|clear|oneself|know|love each other|this|matter|girl|know|not|know But the boy is not clear whether the girl knows that they are in love.

就是 男孩 不 知道 自己 爱 女孩 女孩 也 爱 男孩 这件 事 That is, the boy does not know that he loves the girl, and the girl also loves the boy.

女孩 是不是 知道 Does the girl know?

同样 女孩 也 不 知道 男孩 是否 知道 他们 相爱 这件事 similarly|girl|also|not|know|boy|whether|know|they|love each other|this matter Similarly, the girl also does not know whether the boy knows that they are in love.

那么 我们 如何 才能 把 这个 共有 知识 变成 公共 知识 then|we|how|can|to|this|shared|knowledge|become|public|knowledge So how can we turn this shared knowledge into public knowledge?

很 显然 我们 就 应该 表白 very|obviously|we|just|should|confess It is obvious that we should confess.

表白 会 有 什么 结果 咱们 讨论 讨论 confess love|will|have|what|result|we|discuss|discuss What results will confession bring? Let's discuss.

男孩 说 我 喜欢 你 你 也 喜欢 我 咱们 在 一起 吧 对 吧 boy|said|I|like|you|you|also|like|me|we|together|together|suggestion marker|right|emphasis marker The boy says, 'I like you, you like me too, let's be together, right?'

女孩 说 好 吧 那 这样一来 的话 他们 两个 一 表白 girl|said|good|emphasis marker|then|in this case|if|they|two|one|confess The girl said, "Okay, then if that's the case, they both confess their feelings."

这个 知识 就 变成 了 公共 知识 了 this|knowledge|then|become|past tense marker|public|knowledge|emphasis marker This knowledge has become public knowledge.

他们 每个 人 都 知道 他们 是 相爱 的 they|every|person|all|know|they|are|in love|attributive marker Each of them knows that they are in love.

而且 他们 也 知道 对方 同样 知道 这件 事 这 就 叫 公共 知识 moreover|they|also|know|each other|equally|know|this|matter|this|just|called|public|knowledge Moreover, they also know that the other person knows about this, which is called public knowledge.

那么 你 看 最 开始 的 时候 then|you|look|most|beginning|attributive marker|time So, you see at the very beginning,

每个 人 都 知道 村子 里 是 有 红 眼睛 的 人 的 对 吧 every|person|all|know|village|in|is|have|red|eyes|attributive marker|person|attributive marker|right|tag question marker everyone knows that there are people with red eyes in the village, right?

这个 就 叫 什么 知识 叫 共有 知识 this|just|called|what|knowledge|called|shared|knowledge This is called what knowledge? It's called common knowledge.

但是 他们 并 不 清楚 别人 是否 也 知道 这件 事 but|they|not|not|clear|others|whether|also|know|this|matter But they are not clear whether others also know about this matter.

所以 村子 里 有 红 眼睛 的 人 so|village|in|there are|red|eyes|attributive marker|people So there are people with red eyes in the village.

在 外乡人 来 之前 只是 共有 知识 而 不是 公共 知识 at|outsider|come|before|only|shared|knowledge|but|not|public|knowledge Before the outsiders came, there was only shared knowledge, not public knowledge.

结果 外乡人 说 了 说 村子 里 有 红 眼睛 人 result|outsider|said|past tense marker|say|village|inside|there are|red|eyes|people As a result, the outsiders said that there are people with red eyes in the village.

大家 都 知道 唉呀 所有人 都 知道 村子 里 有 红 眼睛 的 人 了 |||Ôi trời||||||||||| everyone|all|know|oh no|everyone|all|know|village|in|have|red|eyes|attributive marker|people|emphasis marker Everyone knows, oh, everyone knows that there are people with red eyes in the village now.

这样 一来 这个 知识 就 从 共有 知识 变成 了 什么 知识 this way|in this case|this|knowledge|then|from|shared|knowledge|become|past tense marker|what|knowledge In this way, this knowledge has changed from shared knowledge to what kind of knowledge.

变成 了 公共 知识 become|past tense marker|public|knowledge It has become public knowledge.

所以 从 共有 变成 公共 最 重要 的 一件 事 就是 讨论 so|from|shared|become|public|most|important|attributive marker|one|thing|is|discussion Therefore, the most important thing in changing from shared to public is discussion.

我们 需要 对 这个 问题 进行 讨论 we|need|about|this|problem|conduct|discussion We need to discuss this issue.

我们 才能 把 一个 共有 知识 变成 公共 知识 we|can only|make|one|shared|knowledge|become|public|knowledge Only then can we turn shared knowledge into public knowledge.

公共 知识 共有 知识 它们 的 作用 是 不 一样 的 Public knowledge and shared knowledge serve different purposes.

咱们 举个 例子 比如说 刚才 说 的 那 篇 课文 《 皇帝 的 新装 》 Let's take an example, like the text we just mentioned, 'The Emperor's New Clothes'.

皇帝 特别 喜欢 穿 新 衣服 emperor|especially|likes|wear|new|clothes The emperor particularly loves to wear new clothes.

有 两个 骗子 就 给 皇帝 做 了 一身 新 衣服 there is|two|conmen|then|for|emperor|make|past tense marker|a whole|new|clothes There were two swindlers who made a new suit of clothes for the emperor.

告诉 皇帝 这身 新 衣服 只有 聪明人 能 看见 tell|emperor|this|new|clothes|only|smart people|can|see They told the emperor that this new suit could only be seen by smart people.

愚蠢 的 人 是 看不见 的 stupid||||| Foolish people cannot see it.

于是 这个 皇帝 就 穿上 这件 并不 存在 的 衣服 去 游行 so|this|emperor|then|put on|this|not at all|exist|attributive marker|clothes|to|parade So the emperor wore this non-existent suit to parade.

所有人 都 看到 了 皇帝 这件 衣服 是 不 存在 的 everyone|all|saw|past tense marker|emperor|this|clothes|is|not|exist|attributive marker Everyone saw that the emperor's clothes do not exist.

但是 所有人 都 不 说 这个 知识 就 叫 什么 知识 叫 共有 知识 but|everyone|all|not|say|this|knowledge|just|called|what|knowledge|called|shared|knowledge But no one said this knowledge is called what knowledge is called common knowledge.

有 一个 小男孩 突然 说 唉呀 他 什么 都 没 穿 there is|one|little boy|suddenly|said|oh no|he|anything|at all|not|wear A little boy suddenly said, 'Oh, he is wearing nothing at all!'

大家 开始 低估 说 这个 皇帝 怎么 什么 都 没 穿 ||đánh giá thấp|||||||| everyone|start|underestimate|say|this|emperor|how|anything|at all|not|wear Everyone began to underestimate and said, 'How could this emperor be wearing nothing at all?'

经过 这次 讨论 这个 知识 就 从 共有 知识 变成 了 公共 知识 after|this|discussion|this|knowledge|then|from|shared|knowledge|become|past tense marker|public|knowledge After this discussion, this knowledge has transformed from shared knowledge to public knowledge.

于是 人们 就 都 知道 了 so|people|then|all|know|emphasis marker As a result, everyone knows.

不光 我 知道 皇帝 没有 穿衣服 所有人 都 知道 皇帝 没有 穿衣服 not only|I|know|emperor|not|wearing clothes|everyone|all|know|emperor|not|wearing clothes Not only do I know that the emperor has no clothes, everyone knows that the emperor has no clothes.

这 就是 一个 公共 知识 的 范畴 了 this|is|one|public|knowledge|attributive marker|category|emphasis marker This is a category of public knowledge.

所以 从 共有 到 公共 你 必须 要 经过 呐喊 对 吧 so|from|shared|to|public|you|must|need|go through|shouting|right|tag question marker So from shared to public, you must go through shouting, right?

你 得 把 这个 事 喊出来 心知肚明 ||||||biết rõ you|must|put|this|matter|shout out|well aware You have to shout this out, everyone knows it.

和 大家 都 知道 能 喊出来 是 不 一样 的 and|everyone|all|know|can|shout out|is|not|the same|attributive marker It's different when everyone knows and can shout it out.

比如说 鲁迅 还 写 了 一篇 文集 叫 《 呐喊 》 是 吧 for example|Lu Xun|also|wrote|past tense marker|one|collection of essays|called|Call to Arms|is|tag question marker For example, Lu Xun also wrote a collection of essays called "A Call", right?

要 把 你 心知肚明 的 事 说 出来 want|to|you|know it well|attributive marker|things|say|out You need to speak out about what you know in your heart.

这样 的话 这件 事 才 能够 会 影响 这个 社会 ||việc||||||| this way|if|this|matter|only then|be able to|will|affect|this|society Only then can this matter have an impact on society.

我们 举 两个 例子 比如说 有 一种 股票 叫做 垃圾股 we|give|two|examples|for example|there is|one kind of|stock|called|junk stock Let's take two examples, for instance, there is a type of stock called junk stock.

这个 垃圾股 股价 可能 长期 都 维持 在 比较 高 的 部位 this|junk stock|stock price|may|long term|all|maintain|at|relatively|high|attributive marker|level The price of this junk stock may remain at a relatively high level for a long time.

但是 它 实际上 根本 就 不 值 这么 多 钱 but|it|actually|at all|just|not|worth|this much|many|money But it actually isn't worth that much money at all.

突然 有 一天 来 了 一个 报道 说 这个 股票 有 问题 suddenly|there is|one day|came|past tense marker|one|report|said|this|stock|has|problems Suddenly, one day a report came out saying that there was a problem with this stock.

结果 这个 股价 一下子 就 跌下去 了 result|this|stock price|suddenly|just|drop down|emphasis marker As a result, the stock price dropped suddenly.

为什么 一个 小小的 报道 就 可以 这么 大的 影响 股价 why|one|small|report|just|can|so|big|impact|stock price Why can a small report have such a big impact on the stock price?

这 是 因为 最 开始 你 知道 这个 股票 是 垃圾 this|is|because|most|beginning|you|know|this|stock|is|garbage This is because at the very beginning you knew this stock was garbage.

我 也 知道 咱们 可能 真的 都 知道 I|also|know|we|possibly|really|all|know I also know that we might really all know.

但是 咱们 不 知道 是不是 所有人 都 知道 这件 事 but|we|not|know|whether or not|everyone|all|know|this|matter But we don't know if everyone knows about this matter.

所以 我们 可能 还 会 去 买 垃圾股 期待 一个 更 傻 的人 来 接盘 so|we|possibly|still|will|go|buy|junk stocks|expect|one|more|foolish|person|to|take over the position So we might still buy garbage stocks hoping for a more foolish person to take over.

结果 有人 把 它 报 出来 说 这个 股票 是 个 垃圾股 result|someone|把|it|report|out|say|this|stock|is|a|junk stock As a result, someone reported it saying that this stock is a junk stock.

大家 都 知道 所有人 知道 这件 事 everyone|all|know|everyone|know|this|matter Everyone knows, everyone is aware of this matter.

它 变成 公共 知识 了 没有 人 会 再 买 它 了 it|become|public|knowledge|emphasis marker|no|people|will|again|buy|it|emphasis marker It has become public knowledge, and no one will buy it anymore.

所以 它 的 股票 就 狂跌 了 就 这么回事 so|it|attributive marker|stock|just|plummet|past tense marker|just|that's how it is So its stock plummeted, that's just how it is.

你 再 比如说 有 一个 垃圾 的 产品 you|again|for example|have|one|garbage|attributive marker|product For example, you have a garbage product.

这个 垃圾 的 产品 宣称 我们 的 作用 多么 多么 强大 this|garbage|attributive marker|product|claims|our|attributive marker|function|how|so|powerful This garbage product claims how powerful our effects are.

实际上 它 可能 什么 用 都 没有 in fact|it|may|anything|use|at all|have no In reality, it may be completely useless.

你 知道 我 知道 大家 都 知道 这 叫 共有 知识 you|know|I|know|everyone|all|know|this|is called|shared|knowledge You know, I know, everyone knows this is called common knowledge.

但是 除非 有 一个 人 把 它 喊出来 but|unless|there is|one|person|to|it|shout out But unless someone shouts it out.

说 这个 东西 真的 是 骗人 的 你们 要 知道 这件 事 say|this|thing|really|is|deceiving|attributive marker|you|need|know|this|matter Saying that this thing is really a scam, you all need to know about this.

所有 的 人 都 知道 我们 知道 这件 事 它 就 变成 了 公共 知识 all|attributive marker|people|all|know|we|know|this|matter|it|then|become|past tense marker|public|knowledge Everyone knows that we know about this, and it becomes public knowledge.

所以 对于 那个 产品 来讲 它 就 非常 害怕 这件 事 对 吧 so|regarding|that|product|speaking|it|just|very|afraid|this|thing|to|right So for that product, it is very afraid of this, right?

它 就要 想尽 一切 办法 把 这个 事 压下去 it|just want to|think of all|all|methods|to|this|matter|suppress It wants to do everything possible to suppress this matter.

不让 这个 共有 知识 变成 公共 知识 not allow|this|shared|knowledge|become|public|knowledge It does not want this shared knowledge to become public knowledge.

在 很多年 以前 有 一个 人 名字 叫 哥白尼 还有 布鲁诺 ||||||||Copernicus|| at|many years|ago|there is|one|person|name|called|Copernicus|and also|Bruno Many years ago, there was a person named Copernicus and also Bruno.

他们 说 地球 是 围绕 太阳 转 的 对 吧 they|say|Earth|is|around|sun|rotate|attributive marker|right|tag question marker They said that the Earth revolves around the Sun, right?

这件 事 其实 很多 人 都 知道 不止 他们 两个 知道 this|matter|actually|many|people|all|know|not only|they|two|know Many people actually know about this matter, not just the two of them.

但是 只有 他们 把 他 喊出来 这个 共有 知识 变成 公共 知识 了 but|only|they|emphasis marker|him|shout out|this|shared|knowledge|become|public|knowledge|emphasis marker But only they have shouted it out, turning this shared knowledge into public knowledge.

真理 才 能够 真正 的 深入 人心 truth|only|can|truly|attributive marker|deeply|hearts of people Only then can the truth truly resonate with people's hearts.

大家 如果 喜欢 我 的视频 everyone|if|like|my|videos If everyone likes my video,

可以 在 西瓜 视频 和 Youtube 帐号 李永乐 老师 里 关注 我 can|at|watermelon|video|and|YouTube|account|Li Yongle|teacher|in|follow|me You can follow me on the watermelon video and YouTube account of Teacher Li Yongle.